The Internal Circadian Clock Increases Hunger and Appetite in the Evening Independent of Food Intake and Other Behaviors

نویسندگان

  • Frank A.J.L. Scheer
  • Christopher J. Morris
  • Steven A. Shea
چکیده

OBJECTIVE Despite the extended overnight fast, paradoxically, people are typically not ravenous in the morning and breakfast is typically the smallest meal of the day. We assessed whether this paradox could be explained by an endogenous circadian influence on appetite with a morning trough, while controlling for sleep/wake and fasting/feeding effects. DESIGN AND METHODS Twelve healthy non-obese adults (six males; age, 20-42 years) were studied throughout a 13-day laboratory protocol that balanced all behaviors, including eucaloric meals and sleep periods, evenly across the endogenous circadian cycle. Participants rated their appetite and food preferences by visual analog scales. RESULTS There was a large endogenous circadian rhythm in hunger, with the trough in the biological morning (8 AM) and peak in the biological evening (8 PM; peak-to-trough amplitude = 17%; P = 0.004). Similarly-phased significant endogenous circadian rhythms were present in appetites for sweet, salty and starchy foods, fruits, meats/poultry, food overall, and for estimates of how much food participants could eat (amplitudes 14-25%; all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In people who sleep at night, the intrinsic circadian evening peak in appetite may promote larger meals before the fasting period necessitated by sleep, whereas the circadian morning trough would theoretically facilitate the extended overnight fast. Furthermore, the circadian decline in hunger across the night would theoretically counteract the fasting-induced hunger increase that could otherwise disrupt sleep.

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

منابع مشابه

Effects of Circadian Rhythm on Physical and physiological Performance of Military forces- Narrative Review

The 2017 Nobel Prize for medicine was awarded the biological clock Scientist, which shows the importance of this phenomenon in the life of living organisms. The circadian Rhythm (CR) through the created internal “clock” is responsible for regulating the daily performance of different organs of the body. The central body clock is the key factor to creating and maintaining this CR. External optic...

متن کامل

Hunger, taste, and normative cues in predictions about food intake.

Normative eating cues (portion size, social factors) have a powerful impact on people's food intake, but people often fail to acknowledge the influence of these cues, instead explaining their food intake in terms of internal (hunger) or sensory (taste) cues. This study examined whether the same biases apply when making predictions about how much food a person would eat. Participants (n = 364) r...

متن کامل

Evaluating the Effect of Chronotype on Meal Timing and Obesity in Iranian Housewives: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background and Objective: Recent studies have shown a relationship between energy regulation and the circadian rhythm at behavioral, molecular, and physiological levels. The present study investigated the effect of chronotype on meal timing and obesity in Iranian housewives. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out using a convenience-sampling method through the partic...

متن کامل

Central and Metabolic Effects of High Fructose Consumption: Evidence from Animal and Human Studies

Fructose consumption has increased dramatically in the last 40 years, and its role in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome has been implicated by many studies. It is most often encountered in the diet as sucrose (glucose and fructose) or high-fructose corn syrup (55% fructose). At high levels, dietary exposure to fructose triggers a series of metabolic changes originating in the liver, le...

متن کامل

The Relationship between Appetitive Traits, Dietary Intake and Weight Gain in the Gemini Cohort

........................................................................................................... 13 LIST OF TABLES .................................................................................................. 14 LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................ 17 LIST OF APPENDICES .....................................

متن کامل

ذخیره در منابع من


  با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید

برای دانلود متن کامل این مقاله و بیش از 32 میلیون مقاله دیگر ابتدا ثبت نام کنید

ثبت نام

اگر عضو سایت هستید لطفا وارد حساب کاربری خود شوید

عنوان ژورنال:

دوره 21  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2013